Ways to charge the battery.
Charging methods:
1. At a constant voltage value:
• constant voltage is maintained at the battery terminals during the entire charging period, the charging current automatically decreases;
• the charging voltage is set in the range from 2,35 do 2,45 V/cell, i.e.. from 7,05 do 7,35 V for batteries with rated voltage 6 V and from 14,1 do 14,7 V for batteries with rated voltage 12 V;
• the method of constant voltage is charging the car battery: due to the possibility of constant overcharging of the battery, the value of the regulated voltage of the generator is fixed at 2,4 V/cell, i.e.. 7,2 V in the installation 6-volt and 14,4 V in a 12-volt system.
2. At a constant current value:
• single-stage - the value of the current flowing through the battery is maintained at the same level during the entire charging process, i.e.. Iorder = 0,1 Q20 (e.g. for a battery with an electric capacity Q20 = 34 A h the charging current is 3,4 A);
• two-stage - a constant value of the charging current is maintained for each of the two charging phases separately:
■ in the first phase (until the gassing voltage is reached) Iorder = 0,1 Q20,
■ in the second phase (until fully charged) Iorder = 0,05 Q20;
• when charging with the constant current method, the charging voltages are different, and their value is fixed at that level, to get the desired current flow.
3. At constant current and voltage:
• the method is two-stage:
■ in the first charging phase, i.e.. until the gassing voltage is reached, the battery is charged with constant current, e.g. Iorder = 0,1 Q20,
■ in the second charging phase, i.e.. until it shows signs of being fully charged, the battery is charged with a constant voltage value in the range from 2,4 do 2,45 V/cell.
The listed charging methods apply depending on the type of charging, i.e. from function, which loading is to be performed.