Elements of the cooling system:

Coolant pump. Centrifugal pump, for continuous circulation of the coolant. Depending on the type of engine, the pump is driven by a V-belt or a toothed belt from the crankshaft.

Cooler. It consists of two plastic tanks, located on the left and right sides. The tanks are connected by thin-walled tubes, forming a network on a scaffolding made of gill. As a result, the total area covered by the air is several square meters. The radiator is attached at two points at the top and bottom to the body crossmember.

Thermostat. Keeps the coolant temperature constant. It opens at a temperature of approx. 87° C and allows the fluid to flow to the radiator or back to the engine. Inside the thermostat there is a sleeve filled with a special wax and a mushroom-shaped valve. As the coolant temperature increases, the wax becomes liquid, it increases in volume and gradually opens the valve controlling the supply of chilled liquid from the cooler. The valve is fully open at engine operating temperature, thus, a shortened liquid circulation is not possible. If the liquid cools down too much, the spring presses down on the valve plug and blocks the flow through the radiator for as long, until the coolant reaches the correct temperature again.

On four-cylinder engines, the thermostat is located at the bottom of the engine next to the coolant pump, and on six-cylinder engines – on the front of the engine block between the cylinder banks.

Expansion tank. The pressure in the cooling system is too high, Coolant vapor escapes through the valve in the tank cover. A dedicated expansion tank is used in all engines. There is a coolant level indicator in its wall. The tank is located in the engine compartment on the right-hand side (looking in the direction of travel).

Radiator fan. The radiator is additionally cooled by a fan. In some trim levels of the car, two fans are installed.

Setting the piston 1. cylinder at TDC

Blowing work on the engine and ignition requires setting the pistons to TDC (top dead center). In four-stroke engines, the piston reaches twice its TDC during one work cycle. The first time when igniting the sucked-in portion of the mixture, and the second time when removing the exhaust gases. In general, the piston is adjusted during various adjustment work 1. cylinder in ignition position.

Four-cylinder gasoline engine. Piston in 1. cylinder (also in 4.) will be in a dead position, when the TDC mark on the camshaft sprocket coincides with the mark on the cylinder head cover.

Six-cylinder gasoline engine. Align the markings on the lower pulley and the toothed belt cover. At the same time, the large holes in the retaining plates on both camshaft sprockets should be facing the center of the engine.

Diesel engine. There is a GMP marking on the flywheel. It must be visible through the opening in the clutch housing.

Next steps:

1. Apply the emergency brake and put the gearshift lever in neutral.

2. Remove the toothed belt cover (there are two covers on the six-cylinder engine). It is not necessary to remove the cover on a diesel engine.

3. Use the ratchet wrench to turn the crankshaft pulley in the direction of its rotation while the engine is running, until the markings described above overlap. The toothed belt is heavily loaded during this operation, under no circumstances turn the timing pinion of the toothed cat. Access to the bolt on the crankshaft pulley is very difficult and the need to remove the shock absorber is not excluded. You can also turn the crank watt, engaging fourth gear and rolling the car, then the crank wattage also rotates. Another option is to apply the emergency brake, lifting and supporting the car, engaging fifth gear and turning the front cat by hand. Both of the latter methods, the second person must observe the GMP marking.